How to Connect USB Modem in Linux OS

Now a days public moved to Internet broadband to USB Modem Internet Connections. In this USB Modem peoples facing lot issue to use internet in Linux OS. In windows its very easy to connect automatically or manually. But in Linux little bit difficult. So this post may help you to connect USB Internet Modem in Linux OS.How to Connect USB Modem in Linux OS

Most of the usb dongle in market today comes with the drivers and application to use it in a managed way. The setup of this application is stored in its inbuilt memory. For windows system it autoruns and prompts to install the setup as soon as you plug your USB dongle. But, that is not the case for Linux system.

This tutorial explains two solutions on how to setup USB broadband modem devices on your Linux system.

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How to Connect USB Modem in Linux OS

How to Update Firefox in Ubuntu

How to Update Firefox in Ubuntu Linux OS

Today i have learnt how to update Mozilla Firefox in Ubuntu linux os and  Its so easy to update in ubuntu. Let us see now how to update manually in Terminal.

Steps to be follow update a Mozilla Firefox in Ubuntu Linux OS :

Open terminal and type the following command  in Terminal.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-mozilla-security/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install firefox

After Execute the Above Commands you finished the updated firefox now check updated version in the Terminal. 

How To check Version in Terminal.

$ firefox -v

How to Update Firefox in Ubuntu Linux OS

About Linux From Scratch (LFS)

What is Linux From Scratch?

Linux From Scratch (LFS) is a project that provides you with step-by-step instructions for building your own customized Linux system entirely from source.

Why would I want an LFS system?

Many wonder why they should go through the hassle of building a Linux system from scratch when they could just download an existing Linux distribution. However, there are several benefits of building LFS. Consider the following:

LFS teaches people how a Linux system works internally
Building LFS teaches you about all that makes Linux tick, how things work together and depend on each other. And most importantly, how to customize it to your own tastes and needs.

Building LFS produces a very compact Linux system
When you install a regular distribution, you often end up installing a lot of programs that you would probably never use. They're just sitting there taking up (precious) disk space. It's not hard to get an LFS system installed under 100 MB. Does that still sound like a lot? A few of us have been working on creating a very small embedded LFS system. We installed a system that was just enough to run the Apache web server; total disk space usage was approximately 8 MB. With further stripping, that can be brought down to 5 MB or less. Try that with a regular distribution.

LFS is extremely flexible
Building LFS could be compared to a finished house. LFS will give you the skeleton of a house, but it's up to you to install plumbing, electrical outlets, kitchen, bath, wallpaper, etc. You have the ability to turn it into whatever type of system you need it to be, customized completely for you.

LFS offers you added security
You will compile the entire system from source, thus allowing you to audit everything, if you wish to do so, and apply all the security patches you want or need to apply. You don't have to wait for someone else to provide a new binary package that (hopefully) fixes a security hole. Often, you never truly know whether a security hole is fixed or not unless you do it yourself.

What can I do with my LFS system?

A by-the-book LFS system is fairly minimal, but is designed to provide a strong base on which you can add any packages you want. See the BLFS project for a selection of commonly used packages.

Who's who:

• Project Leader: Gerard Beekmans
• Project Co-leader: Matthew Burgess
• Project Co-leader: Bruce Dubbs
• Plus numerous people who contribute to the book and its side projects.

About Linux From Scratch (LFS)

Cd Linux Command Tips

● cd /- change to / directory

● cd path - change to path sub directory

● cd - change to home directory

● cd - change to the last valid directory

● cd .. move one directory level higher

Cd Linux Command Tips

How to Run C Program in Linux Terminal

C : "gcc -o outputfilename programmename.c" will compile prognamename.c  and the object file created will be called filename.

It can be run by typing "./filename".

If no “ -o outputfilename “ is not given then the default output file is a.out and can be run by ./a.out

How to Run C Program in Linux Terminal

Shell Command Cheat Sheet For Linux OS

A

• alias Create an alias
• awk Find and Replace text within file(s)

B

• break Exit from a loop
• builtin Run a shell builtin

C

• cal Display a calendar
• case Conditionally perform a command
• cat Display the contents of a file
• cd Change Directory
• chgrp Change group ownership
• chmod Change access permissions
• chown Change file owner and group
• chroot Run a command with a different root directory
• cksum Print CRC checksum and byte counts
• clear Clear terminal screen
• cmp Compare two files
• comm Compare two sorted files line by line
• command Run a command - ignoring shell functions
• continue Resume the next iteration of a loop
• cp Copy one or more files to another location
• cron Daemon to execute scheduled commands
• crontab Schedule a command to run at a later time
• csplit Split a file into context-determined pieces
• cut Divide a file into several parts

D

• date Display or change the date & time

• dc Desk Calculator
• dd Data Dump - Convert and copy a file
• declare Declare variables and give them attributes
• df Display free disk space
• diff Display the differences between two files
• diff3 Show differences among three files
• dir Briefly list directory contents
• dircolors Colour setup for `ls`
• dirname Convert a full pathname to just a path
• dirs Display list of remembered directories
• du Estimate file space usage

E

• echo Display message on screen
• ed A line-oriented text editor (edlin)
• egrep Search file(s) for lines that match an extended expression
• eject Eject CD-ROM
• enable Enable and disable builtin shell commands
• env Display, set, or remove environment variables
• eval Evaluate several commands/arguments
• exec Execute a command
• exit Exit the shell
• expand Convert tabs to spaces
• export Set an environment variable
• expr Evaluate expressions

F

• factor Print prime factors
• false Do nothing, unsuccessfully
• fdformat Low-level format a floppy disk
• fdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux
• fgrep Search file(s) for lines that match a fixed string
• find Search for files that meet a desired criteria
• fmt Reformat paragraph text
• fold Wrap text to fit a specified width.
• for Expand words, and execute commands
• format Format disks or tapes
• free Display memory usage
• fsck Filesystem consistency check and repair.
• function Define Function Macros

G

• gawk Find and Replace text within file(s)
• getopts Parse positional parameters
• grep Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern
• groups Print group names a user is in
• gzip Compress or decompress named file(s)

H

• hash Remember the full pathname of a name argument
• head Output the first part of file(s)history Command History
• hostname Print or set system name

I

• id Print user and group id’s
• if Conditionally perform a command
• import Capture an X server screen and save the image to file
• info Help info
• install Copy files and set attributes

J

• join Join lines on a common field

K

• kill Stop a process from running

L

• less Display output one screen at a time
• let Perform arithmetic on shell variables
• ln Make links between files
• local Create variables
• locate Find files
• logname Print current login name
• logout Exit a login shell
• lpc Line printer control program
• lpr Off line print
• lprint Print a file
• lprintd Abort a print job
• lprintq List the print queue
• lprm Remove jobs from the print queue
•  ls List information about file(s)

M

• m4 Macro processor
• man Help manual
• mkdir Create new folder(s)
• mkfifo Make FIFOs (named pipes)
• mknod Make block or character special files
• more Display output one screen at a time
• mount Mount a file system
• mtools Manipulate MS-DOS files
• mv Move or rename files or directories

N

• nice Set the priority of a command or job
• nl Number lines and write files
• nohup Run a command immune to hangups

P

• passwd Modify a user password
• paste Merge lines of files
• pathchk Check file name portability
• popd Restore the previous value of the current directory
• pr Convert text files for printing
• printcap Printer capability database
• printenv Print environment variables
• printf  Format and print data
• ps Process status
• pushd Save and then change the current directory
• pwd shows Present Working Directory*

Q

• quota Display disk usage and limits
• quotacheck Scan a file system for disk usage
• quotactl Set disk quotas

R

• ram ram disk device
• rcp Copy files between two machines.
• read read a line from standard input
• readonly Mark variables/functions as readonly
• remsync Synchronize remote files via email
• return Exit a shell function
• rm Remove files
• rmdir Remove folder(s)
• rpm Remote Package Manager
• rsync Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees)

S

• scp Secure copy (remote file copy)
• screen Terminal window manager
• sdiff Merge two files interactively
• sed Stream Editor
• select Accept keyboard input
• seq Print numeric sequences
• set Manipulate shell variables and functions
• shift Shift positional parameters
• shopt Shell Options
• shutdown Shutdown or restart linux
• sleep Delay for a specified time
• sort Sort text files
• source Run commands from a file `.'
• split Split a file into fixed-size pieces
• ssh secure Shell client (remote login program)
• su Switch to super-user (root)
• sudo Execute the command as super-user (root)
• sum Print a checksum for a file
• symlink Make a new name for a file
• sync Synchronize data on disk with memory

T

• tac Concatenate and write files in reverse
• tail Output the last part of files
• tar Tape ARchiver
• tee Redirect output to multiple files
• test Evaluate a conditional expression
• time Measure Program Resource Use
• times User and system times
• touch Change file timestamps
• top List processes running on the system
• traceroute Trace Route to Host
• trap Run a command when a signal is set(bourne)
• tr Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters
• true Do nothing, successfully
• tsort Topological sort
• tty Print filename of terminal on stdin
• type Describe a command

U

• ulimit Limit user resources
• umask Users file creation mask
• umount Unmount a device
• unalias Remove an alias
• uname Print system information
• unexpand Convert spaces to tabs
• uniq Uniquify files
• units Convert units from one scale to another
• unset Remove variable or function names
• unshar Unpack shell archive scripts
• until Execute commands (until error)
• useradd Create new user account
• usermod Modify user account
• users List users currently logged in
• uuencode Encode a binary file uudecode Decode a file created by uuencode

V

• v Verbosely list directory contents
• vdir Verbosely list directory contents
• vi Text Editor

W

• watch Execute/display a program periodically
• wc Print byte, word, and line counts
• wget Retrieve web pages or files via HTTP, HTTPS or FTP
• whereis Report all known instances of a command
• which Locate a program file in the user's path.
• while Execute commands
• who Print all usernames currently logged in
• whoami Print the current user id and name

X

• xargs Execute utility, passing constructed argument list(s)

Y

• yes Print a string until interrupted
• period Run commands from a file
• ### Comment / Remark

Shell Command Cheat Sheet For Linux OS

Useful Commands Linux OS

Rm : To remove a empty file.

rmdir: To remove a empty directory.

CP : To copy something in a destination file or directory.

Mv : To move one file or directory from one place to another place, it is also used for renaming a directory or file.

Man : To view the manual page of commands for syntax.

Info : To view the information about any command.

--help :To view the help documents of a command.

Dir :To view the subdirectories and filesn under the directory.

su - To become a super user

who : By this command you can see the user name and their ip addresses who have logged in on your server.

Who am i : This command shows your current logged in terminal user name.

pwd: To view the present working directory.

rpm -ivh : To install a rpm package

rpm stands for 'redhat package manager'

-i stands for install

-v stands for verbose mode

-h stands for with hash sign(#) 

Recomended : Basic Linux Commands For Terminal

Useful Commands Linux OS

How To Find Ip Address and Hostname Of a server In Linux

How To Find Ip Address Of a server In Linux

“ping hostname”

“ping ipaddress”

 One of the Important in networking is To find the IP Address and Host for the network system in the linux .

Today I am posting the These command with Explanation in linux to use in the terminal.

The “ping hostname” or “ping ipaddress”  will send ICMP packets to a host computer and the host computer would reply by echoing those packets. It's generally used to test whether a host is active or not.

How To Find Hostname Of a server In Linux